I.Pronunciation/Phonetics

1.New initials: Initials: j [jeans] (unaspirated), q [cheat] (aspirated), x [sheet].  Note: the finals that can be combined with "j" "q" and "x" are limited to "i" and "ü"

2.New finals: uei/ui [way], uen/un [one], üe/ue [üyeh], uan [wahn], ian [yen], iang [yahng]

II.Spelling Rules

1.When “ü” is combined with j, q and x, the two dots over it are omitted (Example: xue, ju)

2.“Y” is added to the compound finals which start with “ü” and the two dots over it are omitted.  Example: “Üyán” changed to “Yǔyán” (“language”), “Xué üàn” to “Xuéyuàn” (“Institute”)

III.Grammar

1.“是” and “不是”. When “A” (a person) connects “B” (as occupation) the verb “是” (to be) is used to connect the two (“A” and “B”).  Example: 他是老师 (“He is a teacher”).  The adverb “不” must be placed before “是” if it is a negative form.  Example: 他不是老师 (“He is not a teacher”)