2,000,000 years global climate changes.

Animated ice age simulation.

      

ice age

 

                

Oxygen isotope ratios in ocean plankton reveal global temperature.

scale chart

  Colder
Warmer
lower sea level

higher sea level

wave
boreal species
tropical species
ice sheets growing

Glacial – Ice ages

Interglacial periods
 

Mark B. Bush, Ecology of a Changing Planet (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2000), pp. 360-379.

 

Glacier National Park simulation of changes in landscape due to global warming.

map

Larsen B Ice shelf melting and deterioration.

Mendenhall


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