a change, modification or altering in order to make viable, useful, or more widely understood. To revise, remodel, adjust or get used to a situation. A process of adjusting to fit a condition or coping with a novel, unforeseen situation; conversion, acclimation, habituation, acculturation, assimilation, accommodations, integration.

a complete change of function.

Evolutionary biologists use the term exaptation to describe a commonplace occurrence in evolution: a limb or organ evolves originally for a particular function, but later on fulfills a very different function [*]. To fulfill an entirely unforeseeable role effectively.

to break into its constituent parts and explain.

analyze

to bring together different parts and make sense.

synthesize

According to Aristotle those products of human design and intent consist of art and hence the creation of artifacts and artifice belong to an entire class of things that do not preexist due to cosmic or earthly forces. For example bronze is the product of smelting copper and tin.

An imitation, not real, created by design.

According to Aristotle those products of cosmic, tectonic or earthly forces of climate, weather, fire or flood are made by the conditions of material existence. For example pebbles are worn down rocks due to the process of water running over boulders, or beaver dams are constructed by rodents in order to secure a place to live.

Authentic, real or produced by the order of things.

Something that one thinks or knows; a thought, concept, notion or mental awareness in the form of a vague impression or precise scheme, plan or model.

From eidolon or eido, [Greek] éidos, appearance, form, idea. Referring to mental concepts that constitute the character of things.

A stable eternal reality beyond the merely sensible, Plato thought of eide as the supra sensible reality and so the cause of our knowing anything.

They exist beyond explicit proof.

To adhere to a set of beliefs because of their inherent verity or revealed reliability.

An imitation or representation of a person or thing; the visual impression of a thing reflected in an opaque surface such as a water body or mirror.

From imago, past participle of [Latin] imagnum: or the manifestation of mental powers to view from a fantastic perspective.

A likeness or picture of a person or place or thing held in the mind as well as the eye, as opposed to the actual thing represented. A vivid or graphical description. To portray, delineate or represent in such a way as to capture the impression, symbolic representation or actual likeness of things through the use of evocative, vivid and descriptive techniques.

Fanciful or unreal as in an imaginary friend.

Literally and specifically in chemistry refers to anything possessing carbon compounds in its molecular structure.

Generally refers to the living or dead components of the world or places that together influence organisms and species.

Loosely referring to certifiable foods according to state inspection standards for its ingredients and means of production.

Literally referring to those things that lack carbon in their structural make-up or composition.

Generally means the non living, or never having lived portions of the cosmos, world or place. The inanimate conditions of existence.

Used by Darwin to distinguish biological from chemical and physical conditions of existence.

The protection of any estate, property, artifact, or investment, from actions that would destroy the historical significance, functional integrity, commodity value, aesthetic amenity, or useful enjoyment of the entire range of parts contributing to the benefit of the whole.

Protecting those people who depend on the resources for their livelihood and edification.

The quality of that protection or sanctuary.

The wise use of natural resources to promote the greatest good for the largest number of people over the longest amount of time.

To keep from harm, decay, destruction, or dereliction through the long-term maintenance, investment, and care of the estate.

The stewardship of those resources that belong to all citizens because of their essential character; water, energy, wildlife.

Anything that has a deed of title showing exclusive ownership.

anything, place or item used and needed by all.

Those things that are social and related to all persons who participate in common activities, attend common events or frequent places that are set aside to any or all users.

Anything that is owned or exclusively used by individuals or in some way is not accessible to large numbers of other people. May refer to property, knowledge, actions or places.

The formal aspect or property of any persons, places or things which has some worth, appearance, behavior or function that can be distinguished, described and compared for purposes of assessing its relative significance.

For example the the elegance of one car's appearance compared to another.

The measurable amount, number, geometrical form, volume, mass, velocity, electrical charge, or otherwise accountable characteristics of persons, places or things.

Something that is measurable, accounted for such as the number of people in a car.

In areas of policy interpretation, based on a close reading of texts such as the constitution or laws, adherents to this approach read legislation very narrowly to circumscribe what any decree means.

To rely very closely on the overt meaning of a text, phrase or meaning based on explicit authority of a document.

domesticated, as in plants and animals,or other creatures that are selected by breeders for certain traits

With respect to plants and animals, the original condition or in "feral" animals a return to the untamed state of their pre-domesticated ancestors.

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A T-rex [ Tyrannosaurs Rex] skeleton named "Sue," at the Field Museum in Chicago. [JVS. 2003].

Tame means subject to artificial selection such as cows, horses, or corn.

The term implies, docile or controlled, dependable. Bred for some economic or esthetic purpose by means of artificial selection.