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Words
are critical to understanding reality.
What do the words that I use mean?
rare words | mistaken words | obscure words
A is for? | ecological | biocoenosis | culture | ideology | justice | practice
guide
to more words
This is an example of a word taken from one place and applied to another. In the sense of having been taken from Plutarch and applied to the sentinel islands of a far off south seas, there is a very apt quality to this word is the name for the smaller and larger islands of the Caribbean Sea.
etymology - Portuguese: anti (go ahead) of before + "illes" is taken from ilha an archaic Portuguese word for islands.
Plutarch: The Roman writer, who in 74 AD / CE wrote about a Roman General who over a century before Plutarch wrote had conquered Morocco, Africa. The General when returning by ship by way of the Atlantic Ocean from wars in Morocco to Italy encountered a group of mariners. Plutarch recounts the General's story of their account by describing a series of western islands far from Africa referred to as the "Blessed Isles" due to the islands' settings, climate and rainfall patterns; they are thereafter referred to on Italian and later Portuguese maps as the Antilles.
The key point: often words exist for things before those things come into being.
The quality of
envisioning, explaining and imagining how an organism, species, or entire
community is coexistent with its surroundings, dependent on the available
energy and nutrients it derives and replenishes from the living and
nonliving conditions of existence.
The systematic understanding of how nutrient cycles and energy transfer sustain populations of organisms in their changing environment in some enduring pattern of stimulus and response.
Related terms.
The biotic community
as referred to by European researchers. It is derived from Karl Möbius'
1877 study of order, structure and function of the oyster reef as it relates
to the abiotic habitat
of a river mouth and the biotic
associations of plants, plankton, benthic communities and fisheries
in an estuary. A biocoenosis (biocenose, biocoenose, biotic community, biological community, or ecological community), was used by Möbius to describe the interacting functions of animals or collections of organisms as they alter their surroundings by their collective actions.
Literally, from
the Latin word "cults", to be part of a cult; meaning the ritual
knowledge of the natural world derived from observation, sympathetic
magic, and practice and esoteric methods of behavior with the purpose
of instilling order, respect, duty and meaning to the lives of those
who follow the teachings of the cult.
A cult, as in agriculture, is a practice followed with a rationale, accompanied by emotional commitments and an attention to details that regulate behavior by rewarding and punishing certain expressions of human.
There are six or seven variant meanings implied by the word culture. For
more see culture.
return to beginning
ideology
Literally from
the Greek word "aides", idol; hence idolatry. Also meaning to
foster an image; also referring to the study of ideas, the imaginative
use of language to declare a related set of beliefs: particularly with
respect to a political, social, or economic set of beliefs ideology
means to tie together the images of symbols and the meanings of political
philosophy into a coherent and defensible set of related ideas; a political
faith based on particular socioeconomic values.
For example:
utilitarianism, or socialism, or fascism, or dualism,
or ecumenism, or communism, or totalitarianism,
or reductionism, or populism are all varieties of beliefs
that shape what people believe about the world and how they interpret
experiences. See further at Culture
and ideology site.
justice
The condition of fairness and respect for other people's personal and social needs. Fair and reasonable concern for for another as one would expect to be cared for and respected in turn.
Kung Fu Tzu (Confucius) [551-479 BCE]
The Analects, from 221 BCE
Tsze-kung asked, saying, "Is there one word which may serve as a rule of practice for all one's life?' The Master said, "Is not RECIPROCITY such a word? What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others"
Literally: "Yourself, what you don't want, don't do to others."
(Analects, Book 15, Chapter 23).
The Analects are dialogues between Kung Fu Tzu and his acolytes (disciples, students) were written down by his followers over two centuries after his death.
Also from the
Greek word "praxis", which referred to the actual experience
of doing particular activities with an aim of perfecting an understanding
of materials, techniques, and limitations inherent in the skills of
the learner, the context of the medium in which the learner is working
and in the power of the substances being used.
return to beginning
-
RECIPROCITY, taken from an 18th century French word of Latin origins meaning backward and forward motion. A practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit.
This graphic above is a link to notes on a book, they are an example of taking verbatim notes.
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These seven liberal arts are: astronomy, arithmetic, grammar, rhetoric, dialectic, geometry, & music.
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